{"id":2299,"date":"2010-03-03T13:29:16","date_gmt":"2010-03-03T23:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowersnewx\/?p=2299"},"modified":"2011-07-31T20:57:40","modified_gmt":"2011-08-01T06:57:40","slug":"sambucus-nigra-ssp-canadensis-american-black-elderberry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/2299\/sambucus-nigra-ssp-canadensis-american-black-elderberry\/","title":{"rendered":"Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis – American Black Elderberry"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Sambucus<\/p>\n

\"Sambucus<\/p>\n

\"Sambucus<\/p>\n

\"Sambucus<\/p>\n

Plant Name<\/p>\n

Scientific Name:<\/span> Sambucus nigra<\/em> ssp. canadensis<\/em><\/p>\n

Synonyms:<\/span> Sambucus caerulea<\/em> var. mexicana<\/em>, S. canadensis<\/em>, S. cerulea<\/em> var. mexicana<\/em>, S. mexicana<\/em>, S. orbiculata<\/em>, S. simpsonii<\/em><\/p>\n

Common Names:<\/span> American Black Elderberry, Common Elderberry, Mexican Elder<\/p>\n

Plant Characteristics<\/p>\n

Duration:<\/span> Perennial, Semi-evergreen (drought deciduous)<\/p>\n

Growth Habit:<\/span> Tree, Shrub<\/p>\n

Arizona Native Status:<\/span> Native<\/p>\n

Habitat:<\/span> Desert, Upland, Riparian. It grows along streams, rivers, and washes.<\/p>\n

Flower Color:<\/span> Cream<\/p>\n

Flowering Season:<\/span> Spring, Summer (early)<\/p>\n

Height:<\/span> To 30 feet (9.1 m) tall<\/p>\n

Description:<\/span> The flowers are clustered in flat-topped, compound cymose, terminal panicles. The individual flowers are small and have 5 lobes. The flowers are followed by round, black to powdery blue berries that are enjoyed by birds. The leaves are pinnately compound with 3 to 9 green, lanceolate-ovate, serrate leaflets, including a terminal leaflet. The bark is ridged and light gray-brown in color.<\/p>\n

The similar Red Elderberry (Sambucus racemosa<\/em>) has domed flower panicles and red fruit.<\/p>\n

Special Characteristics<\/p>\n

Culturally Significant Plant<\/a><\/span> – Native Americans used the ripe berries and the flowers for food and for medicinal purposes.<\/p>\n

Edible<\/span> – The ripe blue or black berries and the aromatic flowers are edible, but the other parts of the plant are poisonous. The sweet, juicy berries can be made into jelly, sauce, elderberry wine, or used in pies.<\/p>\n

Fragrant<\/span> – The flowers are fragrant and aromatic.<\/p>\n

Poisonous<\/span> – The leaves, stems, and green, unripe berries are poisonous and contain the toxic alkaloids hydrocyanic acid and sambucine.<\/p>\n

Classification<\/p>\n

Kingdom:<\/span> Plantae – Plants
\nSubkingdom:<\/span> Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
\nSuperdivision:<\/span> Spermatophyta – Seed plants
\nDivision:<\/span> Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
\nClass:<\/span> Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
\nSubclass:<\/span> Asteridae
\nOrder:<\/span> Dipsacales
\nFamily:<\/span> Caprifoliaceae – Honeysuckle family
\nGenus:<\/span> Sambucus<\/em> L. – elderberry
\nSpecies:<\/span> Sambucus nigra<\/em> L. – black elderberry
\nSubspecies:<\/span> Sambucus nigra<\/em> L. ssp. canadensis<\/em> (L.) R. Bolli – American black elderberry<\/p>\n

More About This Plant<\/p>\n

Arizona County Distribution Map<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

View photographs and a description of the plant Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis, commonly known as American Black Elderberry, Common Elderberry, or Mexican Elder<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,220,211,31,35,145,24,29,36,33,14,224,225,13,32,10,169],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-caprifoliaceae-honeysuckle-family","category-conspicuous-fruit-or-cones","category-culturally-significant-plants","category-desert-plants","category-edible-plants","category-fragrant-flowers-and-plants","category-native-wildflowers-and-plants","category-perennials","category-poisonous-plants","category-riparian-and-wetland-plants","category-shrubs","category-spring-blooming-plants","category-summer-blooming-plants","category-trees","category-upland-plants","category-white-arizona-flowers","category-white-flowers"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2299"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2299\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3289,"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2299\/revisions\/3289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fireflyforest.com\/flowers\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}